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Deep foundations

Deep foundations rough-in inspection checklist

Deep foundations rough-in is the last time the work is fully visible. Once the cover inspection passes and the walls, ceilings and slabs close, every defect left behind becomes a demolition bill. This checklist walks the rough-in in the order the work goes in, with the photo each item needs before it gets buried. Work is commonly verified against ACI, the project geotechnical report and specifications. Confirm the edition your authority having jurisdiction has adopted.

The checklist

Every item, and the photo evidence it needs

The photo count on each row is what RTI would require before the item can be submitted. Work the list here and watch the gate hold, or load it into RTI and let it enforce the real thing.

01

Layout and location

  • Pile head location checked against the plan before installation

    Each pile or shaft center measured against the layout, offset from plan location within the specified tolerance and recorded.

  • Tip or founding elevation reconciled with the bearing criteria

    Founding elevation surveyed and compared against the depth and bearing stratum called for in the geotechnical report, not just the driving record.

  • Element numbers staked from project control to match the pile plan

    Each stake or paint mark carries the pile or shaft number from the pile plan, set by the surveyor from project control, so every log and as-built ties to one location.

  • Test elements installed and criteria issued before production starts

    Test piles, test shafts or load-test elements the specifications call for are in, and the geotechnical engineer's installation criteria are issued in writing before production elements begin.

    No photo
02

Driven piles

  • Driving record matched to the acceptance criteria

    Blow count, set and final penetration logged against the specified refusal or capacity criteria for each pile, hammer energy noted.

    No photo
  • Pile condition checked before and during driving

    Pile straight and undamaged before pickup, head not brooming or splitting, no visible deviation or heave of adjacent piles.

    No photo
  • Hammer, helmet and cushion match the approved installation plan

    Hammer model, helmet and cushion material on the rig matched to the driving system in the approved pile installation plan; cushion changed at the interval that plan sets.

    No photo
03

Drilled shafts and augercast

  • Hole cleanliness and slurry condition verified before concrete

    Base cleaned of cuttings, slurry properties within the specified range where used, sidewalls stable and free of caving before the pour.

    No photo
  • Reinforcement cage placement, cover and support checked

    Cage centered with spacers holding the specified cover all around, dowels and hoops per the drawings, cage supported so it doesn't rack during concreting.

    No photo
  • Tremie or auger tip kept below the concrete head through the pour

    Tremie, pump line or auger tip stays embedded in the rising concrete or grout for the whole placement, per the approved installation plan; any break in the pour logged.

    No photo
  • Concrete or grout volume logged against the theoretical volume

    Volume placed in each shaft or augercast pile compared with its theoretical hole volume on the log; an under-run or large over-run reported as a possible neck or cave.

    No photo
04

Installation records

  • Depth measured independently of the rig readout

    Pile or auger marked in increments, or shaft depth sounded with a weighted tape from behind the shaft protection, and the reading compared with the rig's counter before logging.

  • Foundation contractor's log complete for every element installed today

    Each element installed today appears on the log with its number, date, depth, installation data and any interruption, signed by the foreman before the rig moves on.

    No photo
  • Out-of-criteria elements reported to the engineers before the next one

    Short elements, early refusal, obstructions or cage problems written up to the geotechnical engineer and engineer of record, with their direction logged before production continues.

    No photo
  • Finished heads flagged with their number and protected from traffic

    Each installed pile or shaft head marked with its element number and flagged, capped or barricaded so equipment does not strike or load it before cutoff.

What usually sends this back

The failures are almost always the evidence, not the work

  • A driven pile called to refusal on blow count while the founding elevation is short of what the geotech report requires, and nobody reconciles the two.
  • A drilled shaft concreted before the base is cleaned, leaving slurry and cuttings trapped under the tip.
  • Rebar cage set against the shaft wall on one side with no spacers, so the cover disappears where it matters.

Verified against

Common questions

6 answers

What does this deep foundations rough-in checklist cover?
15 items across 4 sections, covering layout and location, driven piles, drilled shafts and augercast, installation records. Each item spells out what the person walking the job is actually looking for, not just a box to tick.
Who should run this inspection?
The GC's superintendent or a geotechnical field rep observing installation pier by pier, with the pile crew foreman.
When in the schedule should this walk happen?
As each pile is driven or each shaft is drilled and reinforced, before concrete is placed or the excavation is backfilled. Once it's covered, the record is all that's left.
Why do these items ask for a photo?
5 of the 15 items call for photo evidence, 7 photos in all. A checklist answer without the photo is a claim; the photo is what makes the record worth something in a dispute and lets a reviewer approve work without re-walking the job.
What most often fails a deep foundations rough-in inspection?
A driven pile called to refusal on blow count while the founding elevation is short of what the geotech report requires, and nobody reconciles the two. A drilled shaft concreted before the base is cleaned, leaving slurry and cuttings trapped under the tip. Rebar cage set against the shaft wall on one side with no spacers, so the cover disappears where it matters.
Can I use this checklist in RTI?
Yes. Start a free RTI workspace, build this list as a checklist, and the Photo Gate holds the submit button until every mandatory item is answered and its photos are attached. Approved inspections roll into a branded turnover package with a tamper evident audit trail.

Run it with the Photo Gate

A checklist nobody can submit half-finished

Load this list into RTI, stick a QR tag on the area it covers, and the submit button stays locked until every mandatory item is answered and the 7 required photos exist. Approved walks roll into a branded turnover package with a tamper evident record behind every line.

See all 508 checklists · 6741 items and 5984 photo requirements in total.